In Indonesia, nursing profession
has achieved a very significant progress far ahead compared to the previous
nursing profession. This stems from the collective agreement which had reached
at the National Workshop on Nursing in January 1983 that allows nursing as
professional services and education of nursing as a profession education.
Nursing staff which is the largest number of health workers should be able to
contribute something essential to the success of health development. For that,
nursing staff are required to improve their professional skills to be able to
play an active role in health development, especially in professional nursing
services. Development of professional nursing services cannot be separated from
the professional education in nursing. Nursing education is no longer a
vocational education but aims to produce a master science nursing staff that
will be ready and able to carry out service / professional nursing care to the
communities. Nursing education has even reached the level of PhD. This belief
is a factor driving the development of nursing education in Indonesia in higher
education, which actually started since 1962 when the first Academy of Nursing opened
in Jakarta.
This
process continues to grow in line with
the nature of professionalism in nursing. In Workshop
on Nursing in 1983, they have formulated
and developed the
basics of the development of Higher
Education in Nursing. As the
realization of the education program
curriculum developed D-III Nursing, it continued with the preparation
of curriculum studies with a
degree (S1) Nursing. Nursing higher education are expected to produce professionals capable of holding an update and will be able to improve the quality of
service / nursing care, as well as structuring the
development of nursing profession
life. In higher education nursing professional, nursing profession
is expected to produce power that is able to hold the
renewal and improvement of
quality of care /
nursing care, as well as structuring the development of nursing profession life.
Until 1997 there were
three types of nursing education in Indonesia, namely:
·
The Bachelor of Nursing (tertiary
degree: this is a four – year nursing course that students can enter after
their senior high school and is offered at selected government universities in
Indonesia.
·
Diploma nursing program: this is a
three-year course that is conducted in schools of nursing and students come
from senior high schools. The diploma nursing program was initiated in 1965 and
most nursing schools are in the large cities and regional capitals.
·
Secondary high school level school
of nursing: this is a three – year nursing course, which students enter from junior
high school
In
1997 minimum educational standard for nursing entry to practice was established
as the diploma of nursing. Consequently, all nursing schools offering below
diploma level education were upgraded to offer diploma level course by 1997, so
currently only two types of basic nursing education exist in Indonesia. These
are : Bachelor of Nursing and Diploma of Nursing.
Government policies
relating to system
nursing education in Indonesia is Law no.
2 of 1989 on
national education, government regulation no.
60 in 1999 on
higher education and the minister's decision no. 0686 of 1991 on Guidelines for Establishment of Higher Education (Munadi,
2006).
